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| 30th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Belarusian) ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
30th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS
The 30th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS ((ドイツ語:30. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS)) was a German Waffen SS infantry division formed largely from Belarusian, Russian and Ukrainian personnel of the Schutzmannschaft-Brigade Siegling in August 1944 at Warsaw, Poland.〔Nafziger, p. 131〕 The division was moved by rail to southeastern France by mid-August 1944 to combat the French Forces of the Interior (FFI). The division's performance in combat was poor, and two battalions mutinied, murdered their German leaders, and defected to the FFI. Other troops of the division crossed the Swiss border and were interned. The remainder of the division saw little subsequent combat and eventually relocated in January 1945 to Grafenwöhr, a large military training camp north of Nuremberg. Finally, some of the division's personnel were transferred to the Russian Liberation Army while others were retained to form the SS "White Ruthenian" infantry brigade from January 1945.〔Tessin, p. 291〕 This brigade in its turn was retitled as the 30th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS in March 1945, but was disbanded in April 1945 before the unit saw combat.
==Formation and initial organization==
On 31 July 1944 orders were issued to form a division from the personnel of the Schutzmannschaft-Brigade Siegling, who were subsequently organized into four infantry regiments (numbered 1 through 4). The initial organization of the division also included an artillery battalion, a cavalry battalion, and a training battalion.〔Tessin and Kannapin, p. 105〕 At this time, the division's full name was ''30. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (russische Nr. 2)''. The term "Waffen-Grenadier" was used to denote SS infantry divisions manned by personnel of other-than-German ethnicity.
At the end of August 1944, division strength was estimated as 11,600 with the bulk originating from Belarus. The leadership cadre of the division was primarily German.
In mid-August 1944, the division was moved by rail to southeastern France in the region of Belfort and Mulhouse. By October, the organization of the division had been altered to three infantry regiments of three battalions each, a motorcycle (reconnaissance) battalion, an artillery battalion, and a field replacement battalion.〔Tessin and Kannapin, p. 105〕 The artillery battalion consisted of two batteries of captured 122-mm Soviet artillery pieces.〔Nafziger, p. 131〕
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